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A
Abenakis, 178
abolition. See
antislavery movement
aboriginal routes, 259, 260
Abraham Hanson (painting by Hardy c.1828), 123, 123,
213, 215
Abyssinian Congregational Church (Portland), 43, 48, 49, 50, 143
concerts & balls, 216
court cases, 270–71
decline, 147, 149
fires, 146, 149
formation, 144–46
ministers, 366
school in, 160, 163–64, 171, 258
various names of, 145–46
voting and, 269
Abyssinian Meeting-house (Portland), 144–45, 145,
146, 158, 160
move to restore, 146, 176, 350
under Rev. Freeman, 288
Abyssinian Religious Society, 144–45, 254, 288
Account of Two Voyages to New-England, An (Josselyn), 9
Adams, Herb (Portland),
225, 349
Adams, Walter (Portland),
312
Adams, William "Bill" (Portland), 133
Adesan, 93, 93
African American Collection of Maine
(University
of Southern Maine),
174, 233, 331
African American Historic Places in Maine, 257
African art, 213
African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (denomination), 56,
147, 148, 419
mission sent to Portland,
149–50
Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society of New England, 338
"After Easter Ball" (Doric Club, Portland), 317, 317, 325
"Airline
Route" (Maine Rte. 9), 259
airport (Portland). See Portland International
Jetport
Albanians, 152–53, 349
Albion Cooper (brig), 255, 272
Aldrich, Elizabeth,
296
Aldworth, Robert (Pemaquid), 4–5
Alfred, Maine, 37–41, 207, 261
Ali, Muhammad (boxing champion), 200
Allen, Rev. C. F. (Portland),
149
Allen, Colonel John, 13
Allen, Macon Bolling (Portland), xii,
275–78
Allen, William (Brunswick),
157
All Maine
Women's Society. See under University of Maine
(Orono)
Aloya, Adeyemi.
See McAuley, John "Jack," c.
1870-1925 (Augusta)
Aloya, Chief Joseph Adeoshun,
92
Amanda's Cove: A Maine
Coastal Tale (Fairfield),
234–35
American Antislavery Society, 262–63
American Association of Retired People (AARP), 142
American Colonization Society (ACS), 32–33, 86, 227,
244, 267
American Legion (veterans organization), 327
American Muslim Association of Maine, 153
American Notebooks (Hawthorne),
21, 234
American Revolution. See Revolutionary War
Ames, Frederic
Augustus and Delia Freeman (Brunswick),
66
Ames, Moses
(Fryeburg), 13
Amistad, L' (ship),
176–77
Anchor of the Soul (video documentary), 119, 138, 150, 151,
166
and black churches in Portland,
146, 150, 151
as educational tool, 175–76
image, on jacket of, 119, 176
Anderson, Marian (opera star), 184, 185, 185,
225
Anderson, Robert (Old
Town), 137
Anderson, T. J. (Bangor),
284, 297
Anderson Street (Portland), 50, 54,
248
Androscoggin River, 60, 61, 63, 257
Angelou, Maya (poet & educator), 231
Anglican Church, 31
animal husbandry, 118. See
also horses, working with
antislavery movement, 22, 43,
49, 86, 157. See also Underground Railroad
Abyssinian Meeting-house activities, 146–47, 160, 161
authors, 233–34
in Bath / Brunswick region, 256–58,
263–64
black inventors and, 237
in Boston,
254
Maine Antislavery
Society, 22, 44, 260, 265
Reuben Ruby and, 254, 262, 341
Revolutionary War and, 178
speakers, 262–68
Appleton, Chief Justice John (Bangor), 268–69
Appleton, John Francis (Bangor), 183
archaeology, 3–5, 350
armed forces. See military
service
Army, U. S.
Civil War service, 178, 181–83
Revolutionary War service, 177–78, 180
Aroostook County, Maine, 117–18
Aroostook Times (newspaper),
274–75
Arrowsic, Maine, 138
art and artists, 205–15, 224
African art in Maine,
213
artisans, 212
artistic & literary representations of blacks,
71–73, 72, 102–3, 213–15,
229–230233–234, 267, 289, 339
Boothbay Colony, 206
photographers, 211–12
Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture, 206,
207, 208, 210–11
artifacts, African, 3, 3–4
Ash, W. H. (Boston),
149
Asticou Hotel (Northeast Harbor), 129
Athenaean Society (Bowdoin
College), 227
athletics, 94, 98, 101,
190–201. See also sports
Atticus (a fugitive slave in Maine), 260, 271–72
attorneys / lawyers. See
under law and legal status
Atus, James (Machias),
115, 342
Atus, London (Machias),
13, 24, 113, 179, 346
Atusville (Machias), Maine,
13, 342, 346
Auburn, Maine, 272, 273, 292
Augusta, Maine, 22. See also Burney family
(Augusta); McAuley family (Augusta)
anti-slavery sentiment in, 22, 85, 86, 88, 260
black community, 85–86, 94–95, 337
Civil War and, 89–90
first black mayor, 95, 281
Fourth of July celebration, 1865, 89,
89–90
Frederick Douglass in, 263
population in 1800 & 1850, 86
restaurants, 126, 127
school class, 165, 165
Austin, Nate (Portland),
325
autograph book belonging to John Heugham,
324
Avery, James (Waterboro), 38, 39, 40
Avery, Nancy A. (Alfred), 39, 40–41, 346
Avery, Peter (Waterboro), 37, 38, 39
Avery, Samuel (Waterboro), 39
Avery family (Waterboro), 19, 37–41, 261–62, 342
finances, 39–40
home, 350
stone walls built by, 138, 139
stories, 40–41
Ayanle, Abdullahi (Portland),
xii
B
Bagaduce, seige of, 14, 152–53
Baha'i Faith, 143–44
Bailey, Prince (Monmouth), 371
Bailey Island, Maine,
13, 30
Baker, Emerson, 9
Baker, Prof. Henry Lewis (Brunswick), 216
Baldacci, Gov. John, 292
Ball, Alice,
45, 46
Ball, Henry B. (Brunswick),
126
ballads, 216
Ballard, Martha (Hallowell), 21, 85, 244
Bangor, Maine, xi–xii, 30–32, 96–102,
201. See also Dow Air Force Base (Bangor);
Dymond family (Bangor); Talbot family
Bar Harbor and, 328
black doctor, 245
black neighborhoods, 96, 97, 99–102
blacks from Canada
in, 30–32, 96–98
cemeteries, 349
churches, 143
fair housing, 292
Frederick Douglass in, 263
photographers, 333
race predjudice &
discrimination in, 98, 290, 297
restaurants, 128, 128, 129, 297
urban renewal, 102
USO excluded blacks in, 98–99
Bangor & Aroostook Railroad, 99, 100, 121, 122
Bangor Boys Club, baseball team, 199, 199
Bangor Daily News (newspaper), 71
Bangor High School, 132, 165, 167,
172
basketball, 192, 192, 195, 195,
197–200
cheerleading, 197
clubs, 318, 319, 320, 322
field hockey, 195
football, 190, 190, 192, 195, 198–99, 199
Junior Exhibition, 222
Ron Smith at, 209
track & field, 195, 201
Bangor House Hotel, 99, 128, 128
Bangor Mental Health
Institute, 246
Bangor Public Works Department, 100
Bangor Symphony
Orchestra, 219
Bangor Theological
Seminary, 172
Baptist Anti-Slavery Convention of 1843 (Boston), 86–87
Baptist churches, 40, 80, 86–87, 143, 144
in Augusta, 86, 88, 158, 159, 224, 266
in Bath-Brunswick region, 68, 143, 178
in Portsmouth,
NH, 144, 177
revivals in, 87–88
barbers and hairdressers, 42–43, 45, 86, 123–26,
124, 134, 213, 363–64
Bar Harbor Tea Room, 130
Barker, A. A. (Lovell), 257–58
Barnard, Eugene (Bangor), 222
Barnard, Joe (Bangor),
201
Barnett, Andrew, 51–52, 53
Barnett, Benjamin D. (Portland),
51, 53, 53
Barnett, William Brown, 51, 53
Barnett family (Portland),
50–54, 53
Barry, William David, 19, 69, 234, 331, 350, 370
baseball, 192, 193, 199, 199
basketball, 192, 192, 195, 195,
197–98, 198, 200
Bates College (Lewiston),
212, 245, 284
black graduates, 142, 168–72
tradition of admitting blacks, 302
William Pope teaching at, 209
Bath, Maine, 32, 143, 239, 257, 263–64, 370. See
also Bath-Brunswick region; Georgetown, Maine; North Bath, Maine; West
Bath, Maine
Bath-Brunswick region, 58–69
antislavery movement in, 256–57, 263–64
baptist churches in, 68,
143, 178
Civil War and, 65
disappearance of "African appearance" in,
68–69
families, 59, 60–69
as one black community, 59, 65–69
population, 59, 60
religious life, 64
Battease, Clara (Bath), 61–62, 63
Beebe, Gladys (Thomaston), 223, 223
Beecher, Henry Ward, 161
Bekritsky, Rabbi Morris, 309,
311
Belmore, Bruce W.,
134–35
Ben-Edie's Lodge (Bridgton), 132
Bennett, Mary Ann (Portland),
50–54
Bernard, Eugene and Dolores (Bangor), 222
Berry, Dr. Lemuel, Jr. (University
of New England), 173
Berry's stable (Rockland), 118, 336
Bert Williams (Liberty
Ship), 189
Berwick, Maine, 38, 354n 5 (Families and Communities)
Bibb, Henry, 264
Biddeford, Maine. See also South Biddeford, Maine
Albanians and Turks in, 152–53, 349
civil rights symposium in, 298
Muslim congregation in, 152
Billingsley, Brenda (Orono), 174
Billouin, Crystal Joy, 302
Billouin, Silbert, 139
Billy Soule's Famous Camps, 191
Birth of a Nation (film), 311
black(s)
African heritage explored, 91–93
capital punishment, 272–74
Civil War migration, 25–32
in dangerous occupations, 65–66
and Democratic Party in 1877, 278
emigration to Haiti
& Liberia,
32–33, 86, 177–78, 227, 239–40, 262, 266–67
first community in Maine,
12
images, artistic & literary representations of,
71–73, 72, 102–3, 213–15, 229–30,
233–34, 267, 289, 339
invisibility in Maine,
331
longevity, 335
Native Americans connections with, 39, 77, 259, 275, 309
settlers of Maine
towns, 16–25
in sports, 191–201
summer visitors, 325, 328–30
Black, Anna Peters (Portland),
38
Black, Gentle (Portland),
128
Black, George, II (Portland),
133
Black, Leola (Portland),
128
Black, Sherbin (Columbia Falls),
23–24, 269, 342, 348, 349
Black, Will (Bailey's Island),
340
Black, William (Eliot), 12–13
blackballing, 192
Black Ben (Malaga
Island), 69–70
"Black Caesar" (slave in Scarborough),
19
Black Caucus, Maine,
300
Black Education and Cultural History, Inc., 175
Black Heritage Trail (Portsmouth,
New Hampshire), 132
black history, 173–77
in art history, 206
Maine journal on, 233
source materials of, 331–52
timeline, 380–82
Black History Month, 225
"Black History of China Found in Cemeteries"
(Grow), 23
Black Jacks (Bolster), 113, 133
Black Loyalists, 30, 59, 341
Black People's Union, 300
"Black Population of Maine: 1764-1900" (Stakeman), 25, 334
Black Portsmouth (Sammons and
Cunningham), 177
black power banner (Colby College, 1970), 300, 300
Black Progress, Maine
Association for, 300
Black Sherbourne. See
Black, Sherbin (Columbia Falls)
blacksmiths, 118
Blacks of New
Brunswick, The (Spray), 30
"Blacks Shared Windham's
Early History" (Soldier), 19
Black Unity (Colby
College
organization), 300, 300
Black Will. See Black, William (Eliot)
Blanchard, Susan (Yarmouth),
226
Blanche Among the Talented Tenth (Neely), 235
Blue Mounties (horseback riding group), 197
Blyden, Edward W.
(Liberian diplomat), 116, 266–67
Blyden, Eluem, 116
Boaz, James (Portland),
371
Bolster, W. Jeffrey, 113, 133
Bonner, Alfred and Roselia
(Gardiner), 26–27
Boothbay Colony (artists' colony), 206
Boston (schooner),
271–72
Boston, Massachusetts, 226, 254, 318
Boston, Patience, 8
Boston Marathon,
100–101
Bound for the Promised Land (Larson),
136–37
Bounds, Sarah (Durham),
60
Bourne, Edward E., 9–10, 11
Bowdoin, Maine, 20
Bowdoin College (Brunswick),
32, 133, 157–58, 300. See also John Brown Russwurm
African American Center (Bowdoin College)
African American Society at, 299–300
Africana Studies Program at, 174, 229, 334
Athenaean Society at, 227
baseball, 192
blacks at, 168–71, 172–73, 246
David Driskell at, 207
Martin Luther King, Jr. visit, 298–99, 299
Medical School of Maine
at, 32, 168, 244
Museum of Art, 207, 215, 299, 299
Russwurm and, 226, 227,
229, 374–75
Bowens, Beverly Dodge (Portland),
xii, 125, 248
Bowes, James (Portland),
179, 179, 371
Bowker, Henry (Brunswick), 66
boxing, 101, 194, 194, 196, 196,
197, 197, 200–201
Brackett, Anthony (Portland),
41
Brackett, Boston (Bristol), 21
Bragdon, Elaine Kemp
family, 20, 84
Brewer, Maine,
23, 259
Brewer Free Bridge, 139
Brewer House, John Nehemiah, House (Robbinston),
259
Brewster, Gov. Owen, 289–90
Bridge, The (newspaper), 232,
232–33
Bridgton, Maine, 21, 132, 255
Bromfield Street Methodist
Episcopal Church (Boston),
155
Bronson, Rev. Benjamin S. (Bath), 67
Brooke, Sen. Edward W. (Massachusetts), 185
Brooks Massachusetts Regiment (Revolutionary War unit), 177
Brown, Adarastus (Augusta), 89
Brown, Belinda (Bangor),
121
Brown, C. Wesley (East Livermore),
29–30
Brown, Frederick (Augusta),
89–90
Brown, Frederick (Williamsburg Colony),
26
Brown, Henry M. (Ellsworth), 118
Brown, James (soul singer), 225
Brown, Dr. Thomas G. (Bangor),
99, 245, 245, 376–77
Brown, William Cornelius, 169169
Brown Bombers (Bangor),
198
Brown Cemetery (Windham),
348
Brownfield, Maine, 138
Brownville, Maine, 25–26, 216. See also
Merrill Slate Quarries (Williamsburg
/ Brownville)
Bruce, Rev. John C. (Portland),
293, 296, 308
Bruce, Dr. Marcus (Bates College),
212
Brunswick, Maine, 133, 178, 256, 340. See also
Bath-Brunswick Region; East
Brunswick, Maine
black cemetery in, 58, 343, 346, 349
black doctor in, 244
Brunswick Naval Air
Station, 178, 183
"Brunswick Plains" area in, 58, 60, 158, 257
census data, 59, 60
First Parish Congregational Church, 59, 298, 299
Garrison Street in, 342
housing discrimination, 1956-1966, 178, 307–8
Underground Railroad in, 256–57
veterans of military service, 177–78
Brunswicker, The (newspaper), 276,
277
Brunswick Naval Air
Station, 178, 183
Bryan, Ashley (Islesford),
207–8, 208
Buck, Gertrude (Bangor),
224
Buckley, Bishop L. (Kittery),
285
Buckley, Lillian (Kittery),
142, 224
Bucknam family (Falmouth), 139
"Building Community through Learning Solidarity"
(conference), 175
Bunting, W. H., 136
Burch, Dr. John Reynold E.
(Gardiner), 172, 245, 246
Burks, Elaine Talbot (Bangor),
195
Burney, Annette F. (Augusta),
284
Burney, Helen Nicholas (Augusta), 94, 95, 224, 284
Burney, William, Sr. (Augusta),
94, 94
Burney, William D., Jr. (Augusta), xii, 94,
94–95, 200, 281, 284, 284–85
Burney family (Augusta), 94, 94–95
Burnham, Alcada (Peterborough), 79
Burnham & Morrill (B&M) plant, 46
Burning Bush (newspaper), 231
Burris, Alfred, 296
Burtt, Rev. Charles, 297
Burwell, Jeff (Portland),
200
Bushy Island,
Maine, 71
butchers, hog, 61, 136
Butler, Ernest H. (Frankfort), 45,
69–75, 70, 72, 135
Butler, J. R. (Bangor), 96, 97
C
Calais, Maine, 24, 198, 259, 263, 370
Caldwell, Ernest (Portland),
323
Calloway, Cab (singer / band leader), 131
Calvary Cemetery (South
Portland), 163
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